Ukufumana Izinkothama zesiPhansi sokwakha kwezinto zokudla Ngaphezu kwezilinganiso zokunqamuka nokukhula
Ukubhekana phakathi kwezinto zokudla zokwakha ngokwezinye nokuzinomthelela kwezinto zokudla: Ukuchazwa kwezinhlobo zemibuzo yokugcinwa kwezinto zokudla ngokunqamuka nokukhula
Kodwa sibhala ngamaplastiki okugcina izinkulungwane, kufanele aqhube imithombo yokuvela kwezinhlangano zokuphatha isikhundla njenge-FDA 21 CFR §177 futhi zihlale ziyisikhundla sokubhalwa ngokugcina izinkulungwane. Ngokuvamile lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele sicabange ukuthi akukho zinto ozizwe zokubhalwa zizihlukaniswa kuzo izinkulungwane zokubhalwa. Emva kwalokho kukhona indlela yokugcina izinkulungwane okuyinto ekhombisa ukuthi amaplastiki ayisiphumo esikhethekileyo ngezindlela zokusebenza zazo. Isidingo esisodwa lapha kukuthi siyakubhekisa ukuthi akukho zinto ezimbi ziyadlula emaplastikini lapho kusuka kuhlela kuhlela, kuhlela kuncane, kuhlela kumthubi, noma kuhlela kubonakalisa ubunzima bokusebenza. Abahlawuli bokuthembeka bekhaya bayakhetha lezi zimbili ngokwahlukileyo. Ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi ziziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihlukaniswa kuzo ukwenza amaplastiki, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kokugcina izinkulungwane kuyinto eyisho ukuthi yiziphi iz......
Imiphumela yemithambo yesilimi—i-BPA, i-phthalates, nemithambo emibi eyodliwe ngokupheleka kwezintambo zokuchitha
Ukuchitha okuphakeme kune-140°F (60°C) kuzokwenza ukuthi imiphumela yemithambo iyonge ngama-18–34%, ikakhulu ngezintambo emibi ezidliwe ngokupheleka njenge-sauce yamatomato noma ijuice yezifruit. Izinkulungwane zokukhathazisa isibonelo—kubandakanya izinkulungwane zokugcina eziqondile njenge-BPA ne-phthalates—zisakwenzeka ukuthi zidlale kuzo umthwalo wokudla lapho iziqu zempolimeri zihlala zihlukana noma zihlukana ngokuchitha kwezintambo zokuchitha. Izinkulungwane zokuzimisa imiphumela zokuthi ziyonge kubandakanya:
| Ifakti | Uphelo | Ukunqoba |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuchitha okuphakeme | Kuzokwenza ukuthi iziqu zempolimeri zihlukane kanye nokukhupha kwamadoda akhanyayo | Sebenzisa i-PP#5 uma uyadlala amasosha; ungasebenzisi i-plastics engaqondi umkhumbi wokuchitha uma uyadlala amasosha |
| Izinhlobo zemithambo emibi | Kuzokwenza ukuthi ipH kuyophakama kwezindawo zokuxhumana phakathi kwezintambo emibi ne-plastic, kuzokwenza ukuthi izinkulungwane zokudlala ziyayizwa ngokushesha | Khetha iglasu noma i-ceramic uma uyadlala amasosha amabi ngokudlala ngokude |
| Amasikhali noma ukugula | Yadala imikhawulo emincane eyenza ukuthi indawo yokugcina iyinkulu futhi iyagcina izinto ezingavaliwe | Shintsha izinkothama ezibonakalayo—iziqu ziyahlela ubukhulu bakho bokugcina |
Ukuchitha kuvumela amaphroblemi amathile: iziphalasti eziningi ziyakwenzeka zingabili ngaphezulu kwe-20°C, futhi kungamangalisa ukuthi kubhalelwe iziphalasti emincane ngokuphatha noma ngokuvula. Ukukhetha ngokulinganisa isikhathi—akukho kuphela ukuthi kubhekwa ngokuthi kuyisipho esihle kusuka kwenziwa—kuyidingekile ukukhulula izindlela zokuhambisa izinto ezingavaliwe.
Ephatheka kwezimithi Izinkothama zesiPhansi sokwakha kwezinto zokudla : PP #5 ne-HDPE #2 Kulinganiswa
Ngokukhetha izinkothama zeziphalasti zokudla okuzofakwa emithini ephezulu noma emithini encane, i-Polypropylene (PP #5) ne-High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE #2) ziyakhanya ngokuthi zinamandla okuphatha kwezimithi futhi zivumelwe ngokulawulwa. Ngisho noma yiliphi eli lithi liyasebenza ngendlela eyodwa, lisivumelwe ngokuthi yiliphi umkhawulo wakho wemolekyuli nokuthi yiliphi indlela yokusebenzisa.
I-Polypropylene (PP #5): Isifundo sokuthi kuyisipho esihle sokusebenza ngokuphatha kwezimithi ngokusebenzisa i-microwave
I-Polypropylene yohlobo lwe-5 inakwazi ukubeka umthelela wokuphakama kahle kuma-120 degrees Celsius noma ngokufanayo, okuyisibonelo sokuthi yilokho okusho ukuthi yilokho okubhekwa ngokuvamile njengomshini wokuzisa kabusha izinto emicrowave ngaphansi kweNorth America neEurope. Ngokwesibonelo sakho sokuthi sikhona kusukela kwe-crystalline, lokhu uhlobo lwezinto alizihlabe kahle, lisobala kusuka kumkhumbi, futhi lisobala kumakhanda amaningi okuzisa ngaphandle kokugqibela kahle. Izinye zezinto zokwenza izinto ezingaphansi kwezinye zizofula noma zizohlehlwa ngemiphumela emifanayo, kodwa i-polypropylene iyabuza isakhiwo sakhe nakwheni esizwa kusuka kwamanzi okuphakama kakhulu noma kumkhumbi—lokho okubi bubi kakhulu kumethode yokupheka njenge-sous vide noma kumiphumela yokuchitha amasiko. Izingxenye eziningi ziyabona kahle kusukela ukubona izinto ezikhiywa ngaphakathi, ngakho-ke baphepha ubuhle bokulinda ukuthi izinto zingahleli. Isibonelo esinye sokuthi sisiphephile kakhulu kukuthi asibhali kahle, ngakho-ke izinto eziphephile azizihlabe kahle. Nakwheni esizwa kusuka kwe-bin yekhodi yokuquketha nomhla we-5, kunezinkinga ezinjalo okufanele ziboneke. Ukusebenzisa kabanzi nokunqoba kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu kusukela kwezinto eziphansi kakhulu......
HDPE #2: Kuhle kakhulu kusukela kwe-freezer kodwa kunezinkinga eziningi ngokusebenzisa kwe-reheating
HDPE nomhla 2 uyasebenza kahle kwezimo zokufuna, ukubeka ubukhulu nobuhlebhu bakhe nangona izintemperatura ziyaphansi kwe-minus 50 degrees Celsius (okungukho ngapansi kwe-minus 58 Fahrenheit). Lokhu kusinika isibonelo esikhulu esingaphansi kwe-polypropylene, ngoba PP yakhala yisikhala futhi iyakwakha uma izintemperatura ziphansi kwe-minus 20 C. Isithakazelo sakhe eside, esingasibonakali, sibhekise amafutha ase-UV ne-oxygen ukuzihamba phambili, okusiza ekuphindiseleni kokuvula kwamathambo amathandabuzo njengamathambo athandabuzo kanye namathambo ase-dairy. Nangona HDPE ayikwazi ukuphatha ukubuka kwezinsuku ezincane kwezilwanyana ezinemiphumela emnye ngapansi kwe-90 degrees Celsius (okungukho ngapansi kwe-194 Fahrenheit), iyakwakha kahle kwi-microwave ovens futhi ayizwa ngokuthi iyisafu yokubuyisa ukuphatha ngokusebenzisa i-FDA noma i-EFSA. Lokho okwenza i-HDPE ibe yimfushane yokuqina ukubuyiselwa kwezinkumbulo kuyilo lokho okunokubangela izinkinga ngokushesha—lokhu kukuthi isithakazelo asisivulela ukuphuma kwezintemperatura kahle, futhi kunezidingo eziphakeme zokugcina ukuthi izinto ziyakwakha uma ziyadlula ukufuna. Ukufuna ukusebenza kahle, sebenzisa i-HDPE containers kuphela ukugcina izinto kwi-freezer, ukugcina izinto ezidry kwe-pantry, noma ukudlulisela izinto kuzintemperatura zokusebenzisa kwezinsuku.
| Umthawu | PP #5 | HDPE #2 |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuthintana Okuphezulu Kwemvume Yomoya | 120°C (248°F) | 90°C (194°F) |
| Ukuthintana Okunzima Kwemvume Yomoya | –20°C (–4°F) | –50°C (–58°F) |
| Kwenzeka Ukusebenzisa Kwi-Microwave | Yebo (Izikhundla Zokusebenza Ngokwesibonelo Se-FDA) | No |
| Iyasebenza kumfutho | Kugcinwe (iyakwenzeka ukuba ibe yinkokhelo ngaphezulu kuka–20°C) | Excellent |
| Usiseko lomsebenzi | Ukubuyisela amasosha, ukwenza izinkozo ngemvumo yesitha | Ukugcina kumfutho ngokuqhubekayo, izinto eziphakathi zezindawo ezinkulu |
Amaphayilethi okugcina emhlabeni omkhulu nesikhundla esinezindawo ezimbili zokugcina izinkozo
PET #1 ne-LDPE #4: Izindlela zokusebenza ngokuphelele kumaphayilethi okugcina izinkozo emhlabeni nokusebenza kwezinye izindawo
IPET #1 iyasebenza ngokuphelele kumathuba okugcina emhlabeni omkhulu, kufikwa kuzo zonke izinto ezihlukene kusukela kumazaladi ephakathi yemhlabeni kuze kumazaladi esikhumbuzi, ibe yisibonelo sokusebenza kahle kumizimba yezinkampani ezingaphansi kwe-minus 40° C kuze kwe-70° C. Le mithombo ibe yinkampani eyodwa ngokuphelele, lokho kusiza ukuthi izinto zibe nzima kumashelf ezindlu zokuthenga futhi kusiza abathengi ukubona ngokwanele loo kuthengwa. Lokhu okuhle kakhulu kukuthi akasiphumela amachemikhali ekuthengeni ngokuphakeme njengoba i-polystyrene isiphumela, ngakho ke yilokho okuhle kakhulu uma kuyabhalwa izinto eziphambili noma izinto zesikhumbuzi esizime kakhulu. Nangona le mithombo ayikwazi ukuthengisa izinto ezihlukene, ibe yisibonelo sokusebenza kahle uma kushintsha ngokushesha phakathi kwemizimba yezinkampani, njengoba kushintshwa izinto kusukela kwe-freezer ukuze kubalekwe emzini wokuphatha, ngakho ke kunezidingo elincane yokuthi iziqhamo zibhekwe ngokushesha.
LDPE nomhla yezine isebenza ngokufanele futhi uma kusuka kubusa kakhulu, isebenza kahle kuze kube phakade kuma-50° Celsius ngaphansi kwesikhathi esingasemthwakweni. Lokhu kuyisibonelo esihle kubizwa ngamaphakethi we-freezer, amabhotile okukhishwa, nokuthengiswa kwezinye iziphakethi zokusebenza ngokufanele. Le mithi yilapho inomkhawulo omdala nomaqanda emadlingo, ngakho akayikhiwa ngokuphelele kwezinye izinkulungwane kodwa kuyathola kuzo izigasi ezinye. Ngokwaleso, izinkulungwane ezingena kulo LDPE ziyasebenza ngokusheshayo kuma-freezer kunazo zezinkulungwane ze-HDPE. Kuyakho umcimbi omunye ofanele ukubhekwa: LDPE akasingenwe kuma-microwave futhi isebenza ngokugqibela uma izintemperatura ziphika kuma-80° Celsius. Kodwa ngokuvamile, uma izinto ezisemelwe ngu-LDPE zisobala emva kokubusa, ziqondisa ubuhle bokuphakama kahle, okunciphisa ukudlula kwamafutha nokufa kwamasheli. Izinkulungwane zombili zinconywa ekususeni kwamaphakethi futhi. PET iya kumkhiwa kwindawo eyenkulu kakhulu ngoku, noma-29% yezinkulungwane zisuseni emhlabeni wonke ngokwesifundo sasezinsukwini, ngakho-ke LDPE iyasuseni ngokusheshayo emaphakethini okuthiwa ngokuthenga emazithili yezindawo zonke eNingizimu Afrika.
Izindlela zokusebenza eziphelele zihlanganisa :
- Ukusebenzisa i-PET #1 kuphela kusukela emaphakathini okungahlanzeki noma kusukela emaphakathini amahlanzeki—akukho mhlawumbi ukusebenzisa kusukela kusukela kokuphakatha futhi kokubula
- Ukungasebenzisi i-LDPE #4 kusukela kusukela kokufaka ngokuthula okunamuhla noma kusukela kusukela kokuphakatha ngokwesikhumba ngokuthi kuzoba yisibonelo sokugqibela kanye nokuhlanganisa kwesibonelo sokuvimbela
- Ukuvumela izinkothama ze-PET ukuzinikela ngokucacile emva kokubhalwa ukuze ukungazimisele umoya wokushisa okuphakathi okuyizindaba zokulandela ukuzimisa
- Ukukhetha i-LDPE engeziwe (≥3 mil) kusukela kusukela kwezinto ezinamafutha ukuze ukunciphisa ukufika kwezifutha kanye nokugcina ubunzima bebarrier
Lokhu kuchaza ukuzinikela kwezinhlobo zokusebenza, kudelela isikhathi sokusebenza, kanye nokuhlanganisa nezincikezelo ze-FDA malunga nokusebenzisa izinkothama zokuxhumana nezinkimba ngokwesikhathi esihlanganisa nokusebenza.
Ukuxhuma Izipropathi Zesinkothama Zempilo Kusizinkinga Sokusebenza Ngokwesibonelo
Ukukhetha izinkothama zomphakathi ozokusebenzisa ukugcina amasosha akhona akuyiyo kuphela ukufunda izilabeli kodwa ukuziqonda ukuthi izinhlobo zezinto ezihlukahlukene ziyasebenza njani emazwe amahle. Abaningi bakhetha izinkothama zomphakathi ze-PP #5 uma badinga lotho olusebenza kahle kumikrowave ngaphandle kokubonakala kakhulu noma ukuthabatha izinkampani kumasosha. Lezi zinkothama zisebenza kahle kamasosha okuzenzakale. Ngaphakathi kwalesi, i-HDPE #2 yizinto abaningi baya kubhekisa uma badinga ukugcina izinto ezingaphezulu kwezifile kusukela ekhanda lezifile ngoba lezi zinkothama aziphili ngaphandle njengazo zombili. Uma kufanele uhambe nezinto eziyisikhupha njenge-sauce yamathambo noma isosha selemone, i-PET #1 kungaba yindlela ekhethwayo ngoba iyadlula kahle futhi ayisiphatha kakhulu kumasosha wena kusukela ekhanda lezifile. Kunezinto eziningi ozokudinga ngazo kabefore ukwenza ukhetho...
- Umbala wokuvutha nokukhulu kwezilinganiso zokuchitha (isibonelo, ukuvutha kusukela ekhanda lezifile ku-mikrowave)
- Isikhathi sokuhambana nezinkhulu zokusebenza (amasi, izibhanku, amazimba)
- Izidingo zokusebenza ngokwezinye izinto (ukugcina kusuka phezulu, ukuthabatha kokungatholakali, ubunzima bakwesikhumba)
Kuzoba nini ukuphatha ukwenza izinkozo ezihlangothi, izinkozo zokuphela kanye, noma izindlela zokusebenza kwizindlu zokusebenza zokushaya, khetha izinkothi ezinombulelo yazo ekhuluma nokulinganisa okufanele kakhulu. kanti uhlobo lwemithombo. Ukubhekisa kuphela kumazwi abhekisayo kumithombo—ngaphandle kokubhekisa kumahlelo okulinganisa okulinganisa—kuyasebenza kubonakala kwezinto zokusebenza, ukuphula kwamakhono okulinganisa, nokubonakalisa kwezinto ezingavumelekile.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ukuchaza okuhamba phakathi kwezinkothi zokusebenza kwezinkothi zokusebenza?
Izinkothi zokusebenza ziyagcina izindlela zokwenza izinto, ziyagcina ukuthi azikho izinto ezingavumelekile zokugcinwa kulesi simo. Izinkothi zokusebenza ziyagcina ukuthi lezi zinto ziyasebenza njani kuzomlando wokusebenza, njengokuhambana nokulinganisa, ukulinganisa, noma amasi. Imininingwane yezindlela zokugcina ziyadingeka ukuthi izinkothi ziyasebenze ngokuphelele.
Ngingayisebenzisa i-HDPE #2 ukubiza izinkozo?
Cha, i-HDPE #2 ayisiziyo yokubiza izinkozo ngoba iyadlula ngokulinganisa okuphakeme njengokusebenza kwemikhumbi yezinkozo.
I-PET #1 isiziyo yokugcina izinkozo zokulinganisa?
Yebo, i-PET #1 iyindlela enenhloko yokugcina izinkulu zokudla ezinamandla ngoba iyathabatha amachemikhali amancane kunezinye iziplastiki njenge-polystyrene.
Kungani ukuthabatha kwamachemikhali kuyisibonelo esiphambanayo emazibhalo eplastiki yokudla?
Ukuthabatha kwamachemikhali kungakwenzeka lapho iziplastiki ziphinde zihlwa ngokuchitha, ukubuka, noma amandla, okungaba kuthabatha amasubstance angavumelekile njenge-BPA ne-phthalates ekudleni. Ukukhetha iziplastiki ezihlalwe ngokuphelele kwezinguquko zokuchitha zokuphelele kungasiza ukunqoba lokhu.
Uhlu Lwezinto Eziqukethwe
- Ukufumana Izinkothama zesiPhansi sokwakha kwezinto zokudla Ngaphezu kwezilinganiso zokunqamuka nokukhula
- Ephatheka kwezimithi Izinkothama zesiPhansi sokwakha kwezinto zokudla : PP #5 ne-HDPE #2 Kulinganiswa
- Amaphayilethi okugcina emhlabeni omkhulu nesikhundla esinezindawo ezimbili zokugcina izinkozo
- Ukuxhuma Izipropathi Zesinkothama Zempilo Kusizinkinga Sokusebenza Ngokwesibonelo