Izinkothama zokuhlanganisa ngokwemithambo yezinkumbu zaseNingizimu Afrika vs Izinkothama zokuhlanganisa ngokwemithambo yezinkumbu zaseNingizimu Afrika

Ukuthinteka Kwemvelo Ngaphakathi Kwesikhathi Sokuphila: I-Carbon, I-Energy, Ne-Logistics Mayelana Nalo Amaisikrini esixhenxe

Izindlela Zokuproducwa Zokubhala: Izinkothama Zokugcina Zaseplastiki (PP/PS) vs Izinkothama Zokugcina Zasephaperi (Kraft + Amakruthi)

Izitsha eziningi zepulasitiki ezenziwe nge-clamshell zenziwe nge-polypropylene (PP) noma i-polystyrene (PS), izinto eziqala ukuphila njengezikhuthazi zamakhemikhali. Ukukhiqiza kwakha phakathi kuka-1.7 no-3.5 kg we-CO2 okulingana nekhilogremu ngalinye elikhiqizwayo. Nokho, izinguqulo ezishicilelwe zihlukile. Zenziwe nge-kraft pulp futhi zembozwe ngamanzi. Inqubo yokuxuba ukudla kudinga amandla aphindwe kabili noma kathathu uma kuqhathaniswa nokwenza izinto zepulasitiki. Kodwa kukhona okunye futhi okwenzekayo lapha. Phela, iphepha livela ezintweni ezitshalwe ezitshalweni ezingavuseleleka. Uma abakhiqizi besebenzisa amandla aluhlaza, empeleni banciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon ngamaphesenti angu-15 kuya kwangu-30 uma kuqhathaniswa nabakhiqizi bepulasitiki. Nokho, ipulasitiki isenesinye isici lapho kuziwa ekusebenzeni kahle kokushisa ngoba ayidingi amazinga okushisa aphezulu kangako lapho ikhiqizwa.

Ukusebenza Kwezokuhamba: Indlela Isisindo, Ukugqagqana, Nokukhishwa Kwepallet Okuthinta Ngayo Ikhabhoni Ehlanganiswe Nezikhwama Zezinhlamvu

Umgama wemithombo yokuvala nokuthi kufakelwe kanjani kuyaphatha kakhulu ukuthi kubhalekwa kangakanani khabhoni emkhakheni. Faka isibonelo sesikhumba sezinkampani zokugcina esizwele kakhulu, kuyasebenza phakathi kwesikhumba se-60 ku-80 izinguquko ezincane kunazo zezincampani zokugcina zempapu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amakhombe azikhipha izinto ezingu-40 izinguquko ezingaphansi kumaqondiso ekugcineni ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ngokugcina ng......

Ukusebenza Kwemva Kwezinsuku Zokuphela: Kuzoba Kuphi Okwenzeka Ku- Amaisikrini esixhenxe Emva Kokusetshenziswa

Ukubhakha Ngokwesithembiso: Amaphakathi wepaphe e-EN13432 etholakile ngokwesithembiso ngokwesibonelo vs amaphakathi weplastiki esilayiniwe ngaphansi kwe-PLA

Izicelo zesikhumba sesiphephile esizokwamukelwa ngokulingana nezindlela zokusebenza ze-EN13432 zihlukana kabusha emuva kwezinsuku ezingu-60 kuze kube ngu-90 lapho zibhalwe emsebenzini wokuhlanza kwemithombo, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi zingabahlela izinto ezingazivumelekile. Lezi zicelo ziyisikhathi sobukhali, okuyi-izinkamba zezinyawo zomshwara, futhi leli isikhathi sibuyela kusasa kunazo zonke izinyawo ezingaphansi. Lapho sizibona izindlela ezingafanayo njenge-PLA ephakanyiswa ngamaplastiki, kukhona umkhondo omkhulu. Lezi zilidinga izimo ezingafanayo kakhulu, kufuneka kunezinhlobo zokulingana kanye nezinhlobo zokuphakanyiswa, amandla amanzi angempela, kanye nezinkunkuma ezingafanele, kodwa izisebenzi zokuhlanza zemithombo kuzo konke aziphatha lezi zimo. Ngokwesifundo esenzelwe ngo-2021, ngokuphakeme kwezinsuku ezingu-35 zezisebenzi zokuhlanza zemithombo zihlanganisa ukungatholi izinto zase-PLA ngoba zihlukana ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-180 futhi zingasindisa umlando wokuhlanza. Izicelo zesiphephile zisebenza kahle kakhulu ngoba zihlukana ngaphandle kokudinga izinkambo zokuphakanyiswa kwemithombo, okwenza kuba yizinto ezingafanele kumashishini noma emaqhafeni esikholeka ukuthi ziyasebenza kahle ekuvumeleni kwezinto zokungabi nento.

Imithombo yokuqhubeka kwamanje: Ukufakwa kwezinto ezingavumelekile, ukuphatha kwezifunda, nokubhekana nezinkinga zokugcina okuzimele kuzokuthintana nokubuyisela kwamaphakathi amabili atholakala ngokwesibonelo

Isivinini sokubuyisela kulezi zinkotho zokugcina ziyaphila phansi kakhulu. Ngokulandela indikimba ka-WRAP ya-2023, izinyathelo ezimbili zezinyathelo zezinkotho zepaperi neplastiki lezi ziyakwazi ukubuyiselwa ngempela ngoba zihlukile ngamazibuko wezinkomo. Umphumela uyadlula uma sibheka izinto ngokuchaza. Izinkotho zepaperi zizokhona ngezincwadi zepolyethylene ozokubeka isiphumo sokubuyisela kwezifibrile zokuphatha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinkotho zepolypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) ezingaphansi kakhulu ziyagcina kuzo zonke izikhombisa zokuhlanganisa kwezinkotho emaphilisini okubuyisela. Amafibrile asepaperi ayaphila kakhulu futhi, ayabhekana ngeminyaka emine noma ehlanu kuphela ekubuyiselweni. Kwanjalo kukho lokhu kubhekana nezincwadi zika-PLA ezikwazi ukufaka amasiphi kwezinkotho zika-PET. Ngempela, angu-1/5 yalezi zinkotho kuphela oyo kuyabuyiselwa ngempela. Iziphakade ziyagcina emaphilisini apho ipaperi iyadlala i-methane ngokudlala ngaphandle kokomoya, ngaphezu kwalokho izinkotho zoplastiki ziyagcina kakhulu ngeminyaka engu-100.

Ubukhulu be-Functional nezinkinga zokugcina izinto ezihlobene kumazibuko e-Clamshell

Ukusebenza kokubhokha kwe-moisture: Ukulayishwa kwe-PE vs imiphakathi yezinkamba zokudlula amanzi nokuthi kuzimele kusuka kwezindawo zokugcina nokuphathwa ngokugcina

Ukuthi izihluzi zokuhlanza zikhuluma kahle kungabonakala konke ukusukela ekuvikeleni kwempilo yomshado futhi ukuthi kuzoba kanjani ngokugcina kwezinkambo emva kokuphela kwazo. Uma sibheka izilayimineyithi zepolitheleyni (PE), bakhuluma kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni kwamanzi nezinyama, okungase kubuyeke umkhathi wokuvikela izinto zokushaya ezizwe nge-30% kude kwezinye ezingenayo imvume yokuqondisa ngokwesiqephu se-Package Research esayiswe ngo-2022. Kodwa kukho indlela yokuphatha lapha. PE akavikeli kahle emachinini okuvikela amanzi emzimba. Ngaphandle kwalokho kuyajika kunezincwadi ezincinci, futhi lokhu kudinga izinkambo zokuhlukanisa okuphelele ezisiza kwezinye izindawo. Izinkambo zokuvikela ezisebenzisa amanzi zinakuvikela kahle kodwa akazange zibe kahle njengoba kuka-PE. Zisebenza kahle ekuvikeleni kwemithombo yezinto ezingenamanzi noma izinto ezenzaneni namanzi kancane kusukela emva kwezinye izintonga. Kananje lezi zinkambo zivikela kabanzi ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-12 uma zivikelwa kahle emachinini okuvikela amanzi okuphelele okuchazwe ngokwesiqephu se-EN13432. Ngoko ke, PE inakuvikela kahle kusukela emva kwezinsuku zokushaya kodwa inakha indlela yokuvikela amanzi, ngakho-ke izinkambo zokuvikela ezisebenzisa amanzi zinakuvumela izinto zokushaya ukubuyela kumhlaba kahle ngokusebenzisa izinhlangano zokuvikela amanzi okuphelele.

Amathuba Okulawula Nokuthengiselwa Okubhekisana Nokukhetha Kwamabhokisi E-Clamshell

Umgame wokugcina amasimbi uyabuyela kahle ngokushesha ngokubanzi kwezindlela ezintsha nezidingo zabanengi le sizwe. I-EPA ne-OSHA zibhekiswe kakhulu emitholeni, futhi abafakhi badinga izinto ezingenzi inkunzi, okanye ziyakwakhiwa kabusha, okanye zizokhupha kumkhupha. Lokhu kwenza ubukhulu bekutshintsha kufanele kwenziwe kufanele kwenziwe kubantu abafakhi izinto zokugcina amasimbi nezinto zokugcina ipapu. Ngokuhambisana nalo, abantu bakhathazeka kakhulu ngokugcina amasimbi okuzilisa manje. Izinombolo zihambisana nalo - ukuthenga kwamaphakathi okuzilisa kuyaphila ngeminyaka yonke ngokulingana ne-12%, futhi kunezinkulungwane ezimbili nezintathu zabanengi bezindlu zokudla baza kubhala imali ekhaya ukuze bafumane izikhumba zokudla zokuhamba ngokuzilisa ngokwale mbono yesifundo soku-2024 sokuzilisa kwezindlu zokudla. Lonke lokhu kubhekisele ku-EN13432 kusobala kubanengi bezindlu zokudla ukuze bavikelele kulezindlela zokubhala imali ekhaya futhi bakhangele isibonelo sabo. Yini okusebenza kahle manje? Izinto eziphuma kuzo zonke izinqumo: ziqinisekisa izindlela zokusebenza, azikho zizihluphe lapho kuzoba khona izinkinga kuzokugcina, futhi zibonisa abanengi ukuthi indawo iyakhathazeka ngokuzilisa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izinguquko ezingakade zezinto ezithile phakathi kwezinkotho zokugcina ezisemaphuthumayelweni nezinkotho zokugcina zepapuro ngokuphatha kwazo kumhlaba?

Izinkotho zokugcina zemphuthumayelweni zingakade ziyasebenza kahle kumlando wokuhambisa ngokwakho ukungafani kwezindawo zabo nokufanele kubekwa emaphakathini, okungaba yindlela yokugcina izimithi eziningi kumlando wokuthumela. Ngamanye amazwi, izinkotho zokugcina zepapuro ziyadlalwa ngamathuba ayisisekelo, futhi zingakhanyiswa emaphakathini ngokulinganayo, okungaba yindlela yokuzinikela kumhlaba ngokuphelele.

Ukulinganisa kwezinkotho zokugcina kuyiphi indlela yokukhetha izinkotho zokugcina?

Izilinganiso zokukhanyiswa njenge-EN13432 ziyavumela ukuthi izinkotho zihlale kumlando wokukhanyiswa kwezindawo zokukhanyiswa kwezindawo zokusebenza, ngaphandle kokusisha izinto ezingasiza kumhlaba. Izinkotho zokugcina zepapuro zingakade zifana nalesilinganiso kahle kunazo zemphuthumayelweni, ikakhulu lezo zilayishwe ngaphansi kwe-PLA, ozidinga izimo zokukhanyiswa ezithile.

Kungani isivinini sokubuyisela? amaisikrini esixhenxe phansi?

Isivinini esincane sokubuyisela kusuka emva kwezinkinga zokuhlanza ngamazinyo nezinkulungwane ezikhiyela ukubuyisela kwamafibha noma amadoda. Amaphalastiki akhanya kungakhathalelwa kuma-system yokuhlanganisa, futhi amafibha wepapu ayaphila emva kwezinkinga zokubuyisela, okuzimelela ukubuyisela kwezo.